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IVF Without Husband Consent in India

IVF Without Husband Consent in India: Recent Court Rulings and Women’s Rights

| 14 Nov 2023 | 25517 Views |

Introduction

In the ever-evolving landscape of reproductive rights in India, the issue of IVF without husband consent has become a focal point of discussion. The Assisted Reproductive Technology (Regulation) Act of 2021, commonly known as the ART Act, serves as the cornerstone for regulating assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) across the nation. This article delves into the intricacies of IVF without husband consent in India, the recent court rulings that have shaped this landscape, and what it means for women’s rights in the country.

IVF Without Husband Consent: What Does the ART Act Say?

The ART Act, enacted on 25th January 2022, provides a comprehensive framework for the regulation of ARTs in India. It defines ARTs as “any technique that allows a woman to become pregnant with a child other than by sexual intercourse.” This encompasses a wide array of procedures, including in vitro fertilization (IVF), intrauterine insemination (IUI), and the cryopreservation of embryos.

Recent Court Rulings

Recent years have witnessed significant legal battles regarding IVF without husband consent in India. These court rulings have played a pivotal role in reshaping the narrative surrounding women’s rights in reproductive choices.

Delhi High Court – 2018

In a groundbreaking judgment in 2018, the Delhi High Court ruled in favor of a woman who sought IVF treatment using donor sperm without her husband’s consent. The court held that the requirement for husband’s consent, as stipulated in the ART Act, was discriminatory and violated the woman’s fundamental right to bodily autonomy and reproductive self-determination.

Bombay High Court – 2022

In a parallel case in 2022, the Bombay High Court issued a similar verdict. It deemed the ART Act’s demand for husband’s consent as unconstitutional, asserting that it infringed upon a woman’s right to privacy and dignity. This ruling further strengthened the argument for women’s autonomy over their reproductive choices.

Supreme Court of India – 2023

Currently, the Supreme Court of India is deliberating on a challenge to the ART Act rule that mandates married women to obtain their husbands’ consent for intrauterine insemination with donor sperm. While the court has yet to render a final decision, there is a possibility that this rule could be overturned, marking a significant milestone in the fight for women’s reproductive rights.

Implications of the Recent Court Rulings

The recent court rulings on IVF without husband consent in India signify a significant step forward in championing women’s rights within the country. These judgments acknowledge a woman’s inherent right to make informed decisions about her body and reproductive health, free from external interference.

If the Supreme Court of India decides to overturn the ART Act’s requirement for husband’s consent in IVF with donor sperm, it would represent a monumental victory for women’s rights. It would grant women the freedom to choose whether or not to undergo IVF treatment without the need for their husbands’ approval.

Discussion

The matter of IVF without husband consent in India is a multifaceted issue that raises several legal and ethical questions. On one hand, there is the paramount principle of bodily autonomy and reproductive self-determination, which is a fundamental human right. Women should have the agency to decide their reproductive path without undue interference.

On the other hand, legitimate concerns arise about the welfare of the child conceived through IVF without husband consent. Questions about the child’s access to their biological father and their legal status are valid considerations.

Balancing these factors is crucial when assessing the legality of IVF without husband consent. While the ART Act attempts to strike a balance between women’s rights and children’s rights, the recent court rulings indicate that amendments to the Act may be necessary to grant women greater autonomy over their reproductive health.

Conclusion

The legality of IVF without husband consent in India is a continuously evolving topic, and recent court rulings have undoubtedly marked a positive step towards women’s empowerment and autonomy. It is imperative for women to be aware of their rights and explore all available options if they are contemplating IVF treatment without their husband’s consent.

About The Author
Dr. Richika Sahay

MBBS (Gold Medalist), DNB (Obst & Gyne), MNAMS, MRCOG (London-UK), Fellow IVF, Fellow MAS, Infertility (IVF) Specialist & Gynae Laparoscopic surgeon,[Ex AIIMS & Sir Gangaram Hospital, New Delhi]. Read more about me

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